by Yoonmee Chang

about Yoonmee Chang

Yoonmee Chang is Associate Professor of English at George Mason University. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania and is the author of Writing the Ghetto: Class, Authorship, and the Asian American Enclave (2010). Chang’s current research focuses on North Korea and disability studies; she also writes poetry.

Enclave

“Enclave” when used in the context of Asian American studies is shorthand for “ethnic enclave.” The enclave as such is, broadly, a geographically distinct cluster point for a racial or ethnic group. The enclave’s political and economic structures become associated with ethnicity. In some cases, they can be accurately characterized as indigenous to, or at least historically embedded within, an ethnic group. In other cases, political and economic practices that look ethnicity based are adaptations with no inherent relationship to race and culture. Vis-à-vis Asian America, places that are categorized as “enclaves” are known as Chinatown, Koreatown, Little Tokyo, Little Saigon, Manilatown, Little India, and so forth. Each of these enclaves has a distinct history as well as varying, ever-changing systems of social, cultural, political, and economic organization. Even within a monoethnic rubric, enclaves are heterogeneous. For instance, “Chinatown” is an umbrella term for many different spaces, the most iconic being in San Francisco and New York. But it also refers to lesser-known communities, such as in Philadelphia or Chicago, where geographical boundaries are blurrier and the majority Asian ethnic group might not be Chinese. “Enclave” thereby refers to a variety of spaces that do not adhere to a single...