by Tanya Titchkosky
about Tanya Titchkosky
Tanya Titchkosky is a Professor in the Department of Humanities, Social Science and Social Justice Education in the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education at the University of Toronto. She is author of The Question of Access: Disability, Space, Meaning (2011); Reading and Writing Disability Differently: The Textured Life of Embodiment (2007); and Disability, Self and Society (2003); and coeditor, with Rod Michalko, of Rethinking Normalcy: A Disability Studies Reader (2009).
Normal
> _When we know that_ norma _is the Latin word for T-square and that_ normalis _means perpendicular, we know almost all that must be known about the area in which the meaning of the terms “norm” and “normal” originated.... A norm, or rule, is what can be used to right, to square, to straighten... to impose a requirement on an existence._ > —_Georges Canguilhem, The Normal and the Pathological (1978), 239._ Thinking critically about disability requires exploring the normative order of the social and physical environment that—as Canguilhem suggests—straightens out the lives of disabled people, T-squaring and otherwise measuring some people’s minds, bodies, senses, emotions, and comportments against the rule of normed expectations. Both in everyday life and in the human sciences, “normal” often appears as if it is a static state of affairs, and when people are said to have an unwanted condition, they may be deemed to have an abnormality. Disability studies, in contrast, has shown not only that norms change radically over time and from place to place but also that the seemingly omnipresent commitment to seek and measure the normal is in fact a rather recent historic development (Davis 1995; Garland-Thomson 1997; Stiker 1999; Finkelstein 1998)....