by Ginetta E. B. Candelario

about Ginetta E. B. Candelario

Ginetta E. B. Candelario is Professor of Sociology and Latin American and Latina/o Studies at Smith College. She is the author of Black behind the Ears: Dominican Racial Identity from Beauty Shops to Museums.

Transnationalism

“Where are you from?” These four words, innocuous and friendly conversation starters when asked by whites of whites, are often experienced by Latinas/os in the United States not as innocent interrogations, but as thinly veiled intimations of foreignness and racial difference. Furthermore, for Latinas/os the answer is quite often far more complicated than a simple “Milwaukee” or “Mexico.” What if we are from both Milwaukee and Mexico? What if we are from Milwaukee and Mexico while living in Massachusetts? Then where, indeed, are we from? Where is home now? Who are y/our people? Most important of all, where do y/our allegiances lie? Latina/o immigrations to, migrations within, and return migrations from the United States are often the manifest or latent consequence of U.S. intervention in Latin America and the Caribbean, or as journalist Juan González (2001) put it, the “harvest of empire.” That is, U.S. settler colonialism and imperialism trigger and create conditions in our heritage countries that, inevitably, make it impossible for some segment of our population to live out their lives in the countries of their birth. “We didn’t cross the border; the border crossed us!” exclaimed Chicanos organizing against Anglo-American nativist racisms (Acuña 1987). Whether for putatively...