_Two Spirit_ is a contemporary term that American Indian / Alaska Native and Indigenous individuals may use to self-identify. The use of this term to name oneself may be in addition to using such mainstream identifications as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) with a traditional and cultural understanding of gender roles and identity. _Two Spirit_ was first adopted in 1990 by attendees, activists, and elders in attendance at the third International Native Gay/Lesbian Gathering held in Winnipeg, Canada. The embracing of this term at the gathering arose out of discussions for the need to have a specific and empowering cultural term defined by Native LGBTQ people themselves. By adopting the term _Two Spirit_, the community sought to disavow the colonized and anthropological term _Berdache_—a derogatory French word meaning “a boy kept for homosexual practices” or “male prostitute.” The cultural context of Two Spirit is from the Anishinaabe, and the term encompasses the fluidity of having both female and male spirits within one person. As such, a Two Spirit person would have culturally prescribed spiritual and social roles in the community. Prior to colonial contact, a majority of Indigenous communities in the Americas had alternative nonbinary gender roles and...