Works Cited on Race

Alexander, Michelle. 2012. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York: Free Press.

Appiah, Anthony. 1992. In My Father’s House: Africa in the Philosophy of Culture. New York: Oxford University Press.

Bernasconi, Robert. 2001. “Who Invented the Concept of Race? Kant’s Role in the Enlightenment Construction of Race.” In Race, edited by Robert Bernasconi, 11-36. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2001. White Supremacy and Racism in the Post-Civil Rights Era. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner.

Camp, Jordan T., and Christina Heatherton, eds. 2016. Policing the Planet: Why the Policing Crisis Led to Black Lives Matter. London: Verso Books.

Césaire, Aimé. (1972) 2000. Discourse on Colonialism. Translated by Joan Pinkham. New York: Monthly Review Press. French original published in 1950 and then, in a revised edition, in 1955.

Collins, Patricia Hill. 1998. Fighting Words: Black Women and the Search for Justice. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43 (6): 1241-99.

Davis, Angela Y. 2003. Are Prisons Obsolete? New York: Seven Stories.

Diouf, Sylviane. 2014. Slavery’s Exiles: The Story of the American Maroons. New York: NYU Press.

Du Bois, W. 1897a. The Conservation of Races. American Negro Academy Occasional Papers 2. Washington, DC: American Negro Academy.

Du Bois, W. (1935) 1998. Black Reconstruction in America, 1860-1880. New York: Free Press.

Du Bois, W. 1903. The Souls of Black Folk: Essays and Sketches. Chicago: A. C. McClurg.

Duster, Troy. (1990) 2003. Backdoor to Eugenics. London: Routledge.

DuVernay, Ava, dir. 2016. 13th. Netflix.

Elias, Norbert. 1965. Established and Outsiders. London: Sage.

Essed, Philomena. 1991. Understanding Everyday Racism: An Interdisciplinary Theory. London: Sage.

Eze, Emmanuel Chukwudi, ed. 1997. Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader. Malden, MA: Blackwell.

Fanon, Frantz. (1967) 2008. Black Skin, White Masks. New York: Grove. French original published in 1952.

Feagin, Joe, and Sean Elias. 2012. “Rethinking Racial Formation Theory: A Systemic Racism Critique.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 36 (6): 931-960.

Ferguson, Roderick. 2004. Aberrations in Black: Toward a Queer of Color Critique. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Ferguson, Roderick. 2007. “Race.” In Keywords for American Cultural Studies, edited by Bruce Burgett and Glenn Hendler, 191-95. New York: NYU Press.

Fields, Karen E., and Barbara J. Fields. 2012. Racecraft: The Soul of Inequality in American Life. London: Verso Books.

Fields, Karen E., and Barbara J. Fields. 2012. Racecraft: The Soul of Inequality in American Life. London: Verso Books.

Gilroy, Paul. 2000. Against Race: Imagining Political Culture beyond the Color Line. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Goldenberg, David M. 2003. The Curse of Ham: Race and Slavery in Early Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Gomez, Michael A. 2005. Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Gordon, Lewis R. 1999. Bad Faith and Antiblack Racism. New York: Humanity Books.

Gould, Stephen Jay. 1994. “The Geometer of Race.” Discover 15 (11): 65-69.

Graves, Joseph L., Jr. 2015. “Great Is Their Sin: Biological Determinism in the Age of Genomics.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 661 (1): 24-50.

Heng, Geraldine. 2011. “The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages I & 2: Race Studies, Modernity, and the Middle Ages.” Literature Compass 8 (5): 258-74.

Heng, Geraldine. 2011. “The Invention of Race in the European Middle Ages I & 2: Race Studies, Modernity, and the Middle Ages.” Literature Compass 8 (5): 258-74.

Johnson, Rashauna. 2016. Slavery’s Metropolis: Unfree Labor in New Orleans during the Age of Revolutions. New York: Cambridge University Press.

Kahn, Jonathan. 2012. Race in a Bottle: The Story of BiDil and Racialized Medicine in a Post-Genomic Age. New York: Columbia University Press.

Keaton, Trica. 2006. Muslim Girls and the Other France: Race, Identity Politics, and Social Exclusion. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

Keaton, Trica. 2013. “Racial Profiling and the ‘French Exception.’” French Cultural Studies 24 (2): 231-42.

Kelley, Robin D. 1994. Race Rebels: Culture, Politics, and the Black Working Class. New York: Free Press.

Kendi, Ibram X. 2016. Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America. New York: Nation Books.

King, Deborah. 1988. “Multiple Jeopardy, Multiple Consciousness: The Context of Black Feminist Ideology.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 14(1): 88-111

Mamdani, Mahmood. 2002. When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Mills, Charles W. 1998. Blackness Visible: Essays on Philosophy and Race. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Morris, Aldon. 2015. The Scholar Denied: W. E B. Du Bois and the Birth of Modern Sociology. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Morrison, Toni. ed. 1992b. Race-ing Justice, En-gendering Power: Essays on Anita Hill, Clarence Thomas, and the Construction of Social Reality. New York: Pantheon.

Nelson, Alondra. 2016. The Social Life of DNA: Race, Reparations, and Reconciliation after the Genome. Boston: Beacon.

Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. 1994. Racial Formation in the United States from the 1960s to the 1990s. London: Routledge.

Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. 1994. Racial Formation in the United States from the 1960s to the 1990s. London: Routledge.

Outlaw, Lucius T., Jr. 2014. “If Not Races, Then What? Toward a Revised Understanding of Bio-Social Groupings.” Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 35 (1-2): 275-96.

Painter, Nell. 2010. The History of White People. New York: Norton.

Panofsky, Aaron, and Catherine Bliss. 2017. “Ambiguity and Scientific Authority Population Classification in Genomic Science.” American Sociological Review 82 (1): 59-87.

Panofsky, Aaron, and Catherine Bliss. 2017. “Ambiguity and Scientific Authority Population Classification in Genomic Science.” American Sociological Review 82 (1): 59-87.

Pierre, Jemima. 2012. The Predicament of Blackness: Postcolonial Ghana and the Politics of Race. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Reed, Adolph L. 1997. W. E. B. Du Bois and American Political Thought: Fabianism and the Color-Line. New York: Oxford University Press.

Roberts, Dorothy. 2011. Fatal Invention: How Science, Politics, and Big Business Re-create Race in the Twenty-First Century. New York: New Press.

Smedley, Audrey. 2007. “The History of the Idea of Race… and Why It Matters.” Paper presented at the “Race, Human Variation and Disease: Consensus and Frontiers” conference, 14-17 March, Warrenton, VA. www.understandingrace.org.

Spillers, Hortense J. 2003. Black, White and in Color: Essays on American Literature and Culture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Steinberg, Stephen. 2007. Race Relations: A Critique. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Taylor, Keeanga-Yamahtta. 2016. From #BlackLivesMatter to Black Liberation. Chicago: Haymarket Books.

Thomas, William I., and Dorothy Swain Thomas. 1928. The Child in America: Behavior Problems and Programs. New York: Knopf.

Wacquant, Loïc. 2009. Prisons of Poverty. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Woodson, Carter G. 1933. The Miseducation of the Negro. Washington, DC: Associated.

Wright, Michelle. 2015. Physics of Blackness: Beyond the Middle Passage Epistemology. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.